CIM example: four claims the data room contradicts, and a $4,125M bid

A buy-side associate checks the CIM for Project Voltaic, a fictional data center sale from PE Bench, against the rest of the data room, one step at a time in Compound.

Compound Research · Updated Oct 22, 2026 · 9 min read

Short answer

A confidential information memorandum (CIM) is the sell-side banker's book on a company for sale, sent to buyers under an NDA after the teaser. On Project Voltaic, a fictional data center sale from PE Bench's open data room, Compound tied the CIM to the rest of the room and found four claims it contradicts. Adjusted EBITDA is $201.8M on a buyer's view, not $224.0M, and contracted term is about 4.0 years, not 6.9. Compound indicated $4,125M, about $0.7B below the $4.82B the CIM's own numbers imply.

Try this prompt free
On this page (6)
  1. 1. CIM tear sheet: what the book says, on one page
  2. 2. How to tie out a CIM against the data room
  3. 3. Adjusted EBITDA: $224.0M in the CIM, $201.8M for a buyer
  4. 4. Management questions, ranked by the value at stake
  5. 5. The IOI: $4,125M, with no banker guidance to bid against
  6. 6. FAQ
Project_Voltaic_CIM_Tie-Out.xlsx
C155fx=SUM(C150:C154)
BC
149SELLER ANCHOR TO IOI BRIDGE
150Seller-basis EV anchor4,8191
151Less: other income and pre-process costs (EBITDA quality)(269)
152Less: power cost not recovered(157)
153Less: contracted-term discount(227)
154Less: development exposure(36)
155IOI midpoint before rounding4,1292
  1. 119.2x the seller's $224.0M adjusted EBITDA, the multiple the six campus appraisals imply, plus $508M spent on buildings under way
  2. 2Rounded to $25M, Compound's indication is $4,125M, about $0.7B below what the CIM implies
CIM Tie-OutBuyer Adj EBITDAMgmt QuestionsWorkings
Ask: “Tie out the CIM against the data room, rebuild adjusted EBITDA as a buyer and price the IOI.” The bridge from the value the CIM implies to Compound's bid, US$ millions, from a real Compound run, unedited. Each line is one of the four CIM claims the room contradicts. Ironvale is a fictional company from PE Bench's open data room.

You are the associate on the buy side. The banker, Kingsmill & Co., has sent the CIM for Project Voltaic: the sale of 100% of Ironvale Digital Infrastructure, a US data center developer and operator with 220 MW of commissioned capacity in six markets. The CIM shows $412.0M of FY25 revenue and $224.0M of adjusted EBITDA. The process letter of June 12, 2026 asks for a single enterprise value by July 23.

Before anyone prices the deal, your job is to test the CIM against everything else in the data room: the audited accounts, the executed leases, the power data and the construction budgets. This page takes that check one step at a time, each step run in Compound. The answer at the end: four of the CIM’s claims do not survive the room, and Compound indicates $4,125M, about $0.7B below what the CIM’s own numbers imply.

A confidential information memorandum (CIM) is the sell-side banker’s book on a company for sale, sent to buyers under an NDA after the teaser. The investment teaser is the anonymous one or two pages that come first. An offering memorandum (OM) is the same document under another name, common in larger processes and in real estate, where the broker’s OM carries a rent roll and a T12 (see the rent roll and real estate pro forma examples). A CIM nearly always holds an executive summary, investment highlights, operations, customers, market, management, historical financials with adjusted EBITDA, projections and an appendix.

Ironvale Digital Infrastructure and Project Voltaic are fictional: the company and its data room are the open data room of PE Bench, published under CC-BY-4.0. Everything Compound produced on this page is real: the workbook, tear sheet, IOI letter and slide come from one Compound run on that room, quoted unedited apart from excerpts.

CIM tear sheet: what the book says, on one page

The first step boils the CIM down to one page a partner can read in five minutes, every figure cited to its page.

Prompt“Read the CIM for [company] and write a one-page tear sheet: business, key financials, price guidance and process timetable. Cite every figure to its document and page.”
Project_Voltaic_Tear_Sheet.docx

Project Voltaic: buy-side tear sheet

Business. Founded in 2014 and headquartered in Dallas, TX, Ironvale develops, owns and operates hyperscale and enterprise colocation data centers in six US markets (Northern Virginia, Dallas, Phoenix, Atlanta, Columbus, Reno). It has 220 MW of commissioned critical IT capacity across 11 buildings, 96 MW under construction and a ~400 MW land bank. Three hyperscale anchors provide 56% of ABR and 140 enterprise customers the rest; the company has 385 employees. Halcyon and the other equityholders are selling 100% of the equity through Kingsmill & Co.

  • FY25 total revenue: $412.0M Audited FS FY25 (2.03) p4
  • FY25 NOI: $246.6M Audited FS FY25 (2.03) p4
  • FY25 adjusted EBITDA, seller: $224.0M CIM (11.02) p3
  • Annualized base rent: $305.0M CIM (11.02) p5
  • Occupancy at 31-Mar-26: 91.9% CIM (11.02) p6
  • Capacity in flight, budget / spent: $988M / $508M CIM (11.02) p18
  • Net debt, bank basis: $1,485M CIM (11.02) p32
The business section and the CIM's own figures from Compound's tear sheet, unedited apart from the excerpt. The tear sheet also carries the buyer's figures, which come later on this page.

Read as written, the CIM sells a long-dated, triple-net platform that funds its own growth. It claims a 6.9-year weighted average lease term (WALT), power passed through to tenants at cost and no new equity needed to finish the buildings under way.

Takeaway: so far the tear sheet tells the seller’s story, and the next step tests it against the room.

How to tie out a CIM against the data room

The second step sets each claim in the CIM against the document in the room that can prove or disprove it.

Prompt“Tie out the CIM for [company] against the rest of the data room. For each material claim, give the CIM page and figure, the figure in the room with its document and page, the difference, and what it is worth to the price.”

Compound’s CIM Tie-Out tab tests 24 claims. Revenue, NOI and occupancy tie to the audited accounts and the rent roll. These are the four contradicted claims that move the bid most.

Project_Voltaic_CIM_Tie-Out.xlsx
G13fx=Workings!C28
DEFGHIM
6CIM claimCIM pageCIM figureRoom figureUnitDifferenceEV at stake ($M)
9Adjusted EBITDA of $224.0M presented as NOI less G&Ap29224.0212.81$M(11.2)214
12Wholesale leases triple-net in substance; metered power passed through at cost ($84.2M FY25)p2384.292.42$M8.2157
13Portfolio WALT of 6.9 years, ABR-weighted at 31-Mar-26p3, p5, p246.94.03years(2.9)227
20No new equity required to complete capacity in flightp180.0365.04$M365.0365
  1. 1NOI less G&A is $212.8M. The gap is other income the CIM table leaves out: VPPA gains, interest on cash and development fees, $11.1M in the audited accounts
  2. 2Interval data put FY25 utility cost at $92.4M against $84.2M billed to tenants. About $8.2M a year is absorbed by the company and missing from EBITDA
  3. 3The executed hyperscale leases expire 2028 to 2032. The rent roll shows 2034 to 2037, and no amendment in the room explains the change
  4. 4$480M of spend remains on the buildings under way against $115M of undrawn construction facilities
CIM Tie-OutBuyer Adj EBITDAMgmt QuestionsWorkings
Four of the 24 rows in Compound's CIM Tie-Out tab, unedited apart from the excerpt. EV at stake is at the 19.2x multiple implied by the six campus appraisals. The funding gap is an equity need, not a deduction from value.

The lease term is the finding a reader of the CIM alone could never make. The rent roll and the lease abstracts agree with the CIM. Only the executed leases, in a separate folder, show the hyperscale tenants’ terms ending four to seven years earlier. On those dates, hyperscale WALT is 4.6 years, not 9.7, and 31.8 MW carrying about $44M of rent rolls by FY28.

Takeaway: the room contradicts the CIM on earnings, power, lease term and funding, and together they are worth $689M of value at the appraisals’ multiple.

Adjusted EBITDA: $224.0M in the CIM, $201.8M for a buyer

The third step rebuilds the seller’s adjusted EBITDA one add-back at a time and sets out what a buyer would pay for.

Prompt“Bridge [company]'s reported FY25 EBITDA to the seller's adjusted EBITDA, one adjustment per row with its source. Add a buyer column with what we accept and why, and show the difference.”
Project_Voltaic_CIM_Tie-Out.xlsx
D19fx=SUM(D16:D18)
BCDE
6ItemSeller FY25Buyer FY25Buyer view
10Reported EBITDA ($M)219.1219.1
11(+) Transaction & process costs4.81.91Reduce
12(+) Storm repair, June 2025 hail event (DFW I)1.11.1Accept
13(+) Severance, two commercial roles0.60.6Accept
14(-) Insurance recoveries received (DFW I storm)(1.0)(1.0)Accept, query
15(-) One-time property tax refund (PHX I appeal)(0.6)(0.6)Accept
16Adjusted EBITDA, seller definition ($M)224.0221.1
17(-) Other income, net (embedded in seller figure)0.0(11.1)2Cut
18(-) Power cost not recovered from tenants0.0(8.2)3Reduce (new)
19Buyer adjusted EBITDA ($M)224.0201.84
20Difference, buyer vs seller(22.2)
  1. 1Only the November and December spend follows the Board's 19-Nov-25 authorization of a sale review. The $2.88M spent from May to September is cut
  2. 2Other income embedded in the seller's figure: VPPA settlements, interest on cash, development and management fees
  3. 3Power cost not recovered from tenants, from the interval data
  4. 4Buyer adjusted EBITDA, the base Compound capitalizes
CIM Tie-OutBuyer Adj EBITDAMgmt QuestionsWorkings
Compound's Buyer Adj EBITDA tab, US$ millions, unedited apart from the excerpt. The seller column is the sell-side QoE bridge.

Compound accepts the storm repair, severance and tax refund items, with a query on the insurance recovery. It makes three changes. It cuts transaction costs to the $1.92M spent after the Board authorized a sale, removes $11.1M of other income that is not property earnings, and deducts the $8.2M of power cost the tenants do not pay. Interest income also disappears in a cash-free, debt-free deal. The adjusted EBITDA page goes through each kind of add-back.

Takeaway: a buyer’s adjusted EBITDA is $201.8M, $22.2M below the CIM’s $224.0M.

Management questions, ranked by the value at stake

The fourth step turns each contradiction into a question for management and the first document request that would settle it.

Prompt“Write the management questions for [company] from the tie-out. Give each the CIM claim it tests, the value at stake and the first data request, and sort by priority.”
Project_Voltaic_CIM_Tie-Out.xlsx
F7fx=-Workings!C153
BCDF
6#TopicQuestionValue at stake ($M)
71Contracted termThe executed wholesale leases expire 2028 to 2032 (Exhibit A), but the rent roll and lease abstracts show current terms to 2034 to 2037. Which signed amendments or phase supplements extended each phase, and when?227
82Power pass-throughInterval data estimate FY25 utility cost at $92.4M against $84.2M billed to tenants, yet the P&L shows power cost equal to reimbursements. Where is the $8.2M booked, and how much is house load, vacancy or the 1.35 PUE cap?157
93EBITDA qualityAdjusted EBITDA includes $11.1M of other income (VPPA gains, interest on cash, development and management fees). Which parts recur, under what contracts, and why does the CIM bridge omit the line?214
104Development fundingRemaining spend on PHX II and ATL II is $480M against $115M of undrawn construction facilities. How is the gap funded before closing, and does any of it fall to the buyer?365
CIM Tie-OutBuyer Adj EBITDAMgmt QuestionsWorkings
The first four of 11 questions in Compound's Mgmt Questions tab, unedited apart from the excerpt. Value at stake is enterprise value at the appraisal-implied 19.2x, except question 4, which is an equity need.

Each question names the document that would answer it. The first asks for every executed amendment and phase supplement for the 12 hyperscale leases, reconciled to the rent roll. If those amendments exist, the lease-term discount goes away.

Takeaway: the four questions that move the bid go to management first, and the lease amendments alone are worth $227M.

The IOI: $4,125M, with no banker guidance to bid against

The last step prices the bid and writes the letter and the committee slide from the same workbook.

Prompt“Value [company] on our adjusted EBITDA and the evidence in the data room, propose a single IOI value with the assumptions it rests on, write the IOI letter and a one-page IC slide.”

The process letter gives no price or multiple guidance. It asks for a single cash-free, debt-free value and says any range will be read at its low end. So Compound set the bid against what the room implies. The six campus appraisals imply 19.2x, which on the seller’s $224.0M plus the $508M already spent on buildings under way gives about $4.82B. Compound applies 17.7x to 18.5x to the buyer’s $201.8M, a discount for the shorter lease term, and deducts the PHX II cost overrun and the unbudgeted $18M DFW chiller. The size of that discount, 0.75x to 1.5x, is Compound’s own judgment, set as an input in the Workings tab.

Project_Voltaic_IOI_Letter.docx

1. Headline value

We indicate an enterprise value of $4,125 million for 100% of the equity interests of the Company. This is a single value, as the process letter requests. It equals 18.4x the FY25 adjusted EBITDA of $224.0 million presented in the CIM and 20.4x our diligence view of FY25 adjusted EBITDA of $201.8 million.

2. Basis of valuation and key assumptions

Earnings base. FY25 adjusted EBITDA of $201.8 million: the seller bridge with transaction costs limited to spend after the Board’s November 2025 authorization, less $11.1 million of other income (VPPA settlements, interest income and development fees) and less $8.2 million of power cost that interval data show is not recovered from tenants.

Multiple. The six operating-campus appraisals (effective March 31, 2026) imply 19.2x NOI less G&A. We apply 17.7x to 18.5x because the executed hyperscale leases in the clean room expire between 2028 and 2032, which puts contracted portfolio WALT at about 4.0 years rather than 6.9 years.

Capacity in flight. PHX II and ATL II are valued at cost spent to March 31, 2026 of $508 million, less $17.6 million to restore PHX II contingency and cover the unaccrued HVAC claim, and less the $18 million DFW I-A chiller replacement that the long-range plan does not fund.

Upside to our value. Executed amendments supporting the rent-roll lease terms would add up to about $227 million, and documented power cost recovery up to about $157 million.

Sections 1 and 2 of Compound's IOI letter, unedited apart from the excerpt. The letter leaves placeholders for the purchaser's name, funds and advisers.

Compound put the whole review on one slide for the investment committee.

Compound's one-page Project Voltaic IC slide headlined 'Indicate $4,125M, about $0.7B below what the CIM implies'. On the left, four CIM claims the room contradicts, each with its EV effect at 19.2x: adjusted EBITDA carries non-property income ($269M), power is not fully passed through ($157M), contracted term is about 4 years, not 6.9 ($227M), and capacity in flight is neither funded nor on budget ($36M). Below them, two smaller contradictions and the figures that tie. On the right, seller adjusted EBITDA of 224.0 bridged to buyer adjusted EBITDA of 201.8, three boxes comparing no price guidance, a seller-implied $4.82B and the $4,125M indication, and what would move the number up. A footer labels Ironvale a fictional company from PE Bench.
The IC slide from the same run, unedited. Its four EV effects, $689M together, take the $4.82B the CIM implies down to the bid before rounding. The staple financing’s $1,344M term loan, sized at 6.0x the seller’s EBITDA, is the other anchor in the room.

The letter’s assumptions list is what makes a bid this far under the seller’s numbers defensible. Each assumption names a document, so the second round becomes a discussion of those documents. The slide follows the shape of the investment memo example, and the returns case waits for the data room and the LBO model. If Kingsmill invites you to Phase II, the financial due diligence example picks up from there.

Takeaway: with no guidance to anchor on, the bid is $4,125M, about $0.7B below the CIM’s implied value, and every deduction starts from a document in the room.

One-page IC slide (PowerPoint)Compound’s IC slide for Project Voltaic: the four contradicted claims, seller to buyer EBITDA and the bid against what the CIM implies.Download · Free, no form IOI letter (Word)Compound’s two-page indication of interest, with the valuation basis, assumptions, financing and Phase II diligence stated, and placeholders for the purchaser’s details.Download · Free, no form

FAQ

How is a CIM different from a pitch book or a management presentation?
An investment banking pitch book is what a bank shows a company to win the sell-side mandate: credentials, a view on value, the buyer list. The CIM comes after the bank is hired and is written to sell the company to buyers. The management presentation comes later, in the second round, and its updated numbers should be tied out against the CIM.
What should a buyer check first in a CIM?
The adjusted EBITDA bridge, against the audited accounts and the quality of earnings report, because the price is built on it. Then any claim the rest of the data room can test directly: contract terms against the executed contracts, cost pass-throughs against the bills, and funding claims against the facility agreements. In this example the lease term, which the CIM, rent roll and abstracts all agreed on, was wrong against the signed leases.
What does a real estate offering memorandum contain?
A broker’s OM for a property has the rent roll, the trailing twelve months of operating statements (T12), in-place and pro forma NOI, the cap rate at the asking price, abstracts of the larger leases, and market comps. The buyer ties the rent roll to the leases and rebuilds NOI from the T12, as in the rent roll and real estate pro forma examples.
How is a private placement memorandum different from a CIM?
A private placement memorandum (PPM) offers securities, such as a fund’s interests or an issuer’s shares or notes, and carries the legal disclosure and risk factors of a securities offering. A CIM sells a company. It is a marketing document shared under an NDA, and it usually says the seller and the banker make no representation as to its accuracy, so a buyer can rely only on what the purchase agreement warrants. Reviewing a fund’s PPM is part of fund due diligence.
Can Compound read a CIM downloaded from a VDR?
Yes. Compound reads PDFs, including the charts and tables in them, along with Word, Excel and PowerPoint files from a data room. Every figure it reports is cited to the document and page it came from, so a reviewer can check it. Whether a particular VDR allows the download depends on the banker’s settings.
Should the IOI come in below the banker's guidance or what the CIM implies?
Only when you can give the reason in a sentence the banker can repeat to the seller. Here the process letter gave no guidance, so the comparison is the roughly $4.82B the CIM’s own numbers imply. The reason here is the appraisals’ own multiple, less a discount for the shorter signed lease term, applied to EBITDA without other income and net of the power cost tenants do not pay. A number tied to documents in the seller’s own room gets you to the second round with the argument already framed.
CoatueCentri ConsultingAvra783 Capital PartnersOctahedron CapitalArix ResearchCoatueCentri ConsultingAvra783 Capital PartnersOctahedron CapitalArix ResearchCoatueCentri ConsultingAvra783 Capital PartnersOctahedron CapitalArix Research

See this workflow on your own deal